diff --git a/examples/script_design_capacity.py b/examples/script_design_capacity.py
index 4279abba18a266ce9693adba48cf371fb0f27628..d17120e454f2871001ee11c735859c6e05b4c8f8 100644
--- a/examples/script_design_capacity.py
+++ b/examples/script_design_capacity.py
@@ -4,26 +4,35 @@
# TIP: this script requires the data found in the hyhetra-pipedata and hyhetra-
# -fluiddata repositories
-pipedata_files = ['pipes/isoplus_single_disconti_s1.csv']
-
+# pipedata_files = ['pipes/isoplus_single_disconti_s1.csv']
+pipedata_files = [
+ 'pipes/enerpipe_caldopex_single.csv',
+ 'pipes/enerpipe_caldopex_twin.csv',
+ 'pipes/isoplus_single_disconti_s1.csv',
+ 'pipes/isoplus_single_disconti_s2.csv',
+ 'pipes/isoplus_single_disconti_s3.csv',
+ 'pipes/isoplus_twin_disconti_s1.csv',
+ 'pipes/isoplus_twin_disconti_s2.csv',
+ 'pipes/isoplus_twin_disconti_s3.csv',
+ ]
fluiddata_file = 'fluids/incropera2006_saturated_water.csv'
# other files
-
file_best2018 = 'papers/Best2018_design_flow_speeds.csv'
-
file_sven2013 = 'papers/Sven2013_design_flow_speeds.csv'
-
file_nussbaumer2016 = 'papers/Nussbaumer2016_design_flow_speeds.csv'
-
file_euroheat2021 = 'papers/EuroHeat2021_design_flow_speeds.csv'
# import libraries
+import math
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# topupheat
import topupheat.pipes.fic as fic
+import topupheat.pipes.trenches as _tre
from topupheat.pipes.single import StandardisedPipe, StandardisedPipeDatabase
+from topupheat.pipes.twin import StandardisedTwinPipe
+from topupheat.pipes.trenches import TwinPipeTrench
import topupheat.pipes.utils as utils
from topupheat.common import formulas as core
@@ -71,21 +80,21 @@ list_pipe_tuples = [(20, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-20-STD'),
(50, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-50-STD'),
(65, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-65-STD'),
(80, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-80-STD'),
- (100, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-100-ST'),
- (125, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-125-ST'),
- (150, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-150-ST'),
- (200, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-200-ST'),
- (250, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-250-ST'),
- (300, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-300-ST'),
- (350, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-350-ST'),
- (400, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-400-ST'),
- (450, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-450-ST'),
- (500, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-500-ST'),
- (600, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-600-ST'),
- (700, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-700-ST'),
- (800, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-800-ST'),
- (900, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-900-ST'),
- (1000, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-1000-S')]
+ (100, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-100-STD'),
+ (125, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-125-STD'),
+ (150, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-150-STD'),
+ (200, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-200-STD'),
+ (250, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-250-STD'),
+ (300, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-300-STD'),
+ (350, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-350-STD'),
+ (400, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-400-STD'),
+ (450, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-450-STD'),
+ (500, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-500-STD'),
+ (600, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-600-STD'),
+ (700, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-700-STD'),
+ (800, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-800-STD'),
+ (900, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-900-STD'),
+ (1000, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-1000-STD')]
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
@@ -95,12 +104,10 @@ list_pipe_tuples = [(20, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-20-STD'),
#******************************************************************************
# pipe data
-
pipedb = StandardisedPipeDatabase(source=pipedata_files)
# water data
-
-waterdb = fic.FluidDatabase(fluid='water', phase='l', source=fluiddata_file)
+fluiddb = fic.FluidDatabase(fluid='water', phase='l', source=fluiddata_file)
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
@@ -111,19 +118,19 @@ dh_flow = fic.Fluid(
phase='l',
temperature=dh_flow_temperature,
pressure=1e5,
- db=waterdb)
+ db=fluiddb)
dh_return = fic.Fluid(
phase='l',
temperature=dh_return_temperature,
pressure=1e5,
- db=waterdb)
+ db=fluiddb)
fluid_bulk = fic.Fluid(
phase='l',
temperature=temperature_fluid_bulk,
pressure=1e5,
- db=waterdb)
+ db=fluiddb)
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
@@ -542,6 +549,7 @@ for i, max_specific_pressure_loss in enumerate(list_max_specific_pressure_loss):
ax.plot(list_pipe_diameters,
[spl for spl in dict_specific_pressure_loss[
(max_specific_pressure_loss,list_pipe_roughness[i])]],
+ list_linestyle_our[i],
label='MSP='+str(max_specific_pressure_loss)+' Pa/m')
# ax.plot(data_best2018['x']*1e3,
@@ -570,7 +578,201 @@ plt.show()
#******************************************************************************
#******************************************************************************
-#******************************************************************************
-#******************************************************************************
-#******************************************************************************
-#******************************************************************************
\ No newline at end of file
+
+# ISOPLUS validation
+
+# @ 30K
+
+isoplus_twin_mlfs = {
+ 21.7: [0.5, 1.1], # 20
+ 27.3: [0.5, 1.1], # 25
+ 36.0: [0.6, 1.2], # 32
+ 41.9: [0.6, 1.2], # 40
+ 53.9: [0.7, 1.4], # 50
+ 69.7: [0.7, 1.4], # 65
+ 82.5: [0.8, 1.6], # 80
+ 107.1: [0.8, 1.6], # 100
+ 132.5: [1.0, 1.8], # 125
+ 160.3: [1.2, 2.1], # 150
+ 210.1: [1.4, 2.4], # 200
+ }
+
+# volumetric flow rate m3/hour
+isoplus_twin_vfr = {
+ 21.7: [0.703, 1.547], # 20
+ 27.3: [1.148, 2.526], # 25
+ 36.0: [2.348, 4.695], # 32
+ 41.9: [3.151, 6.303], # 40
+ 53.9: [5.879, 11.757], # 50
+ 69.7: [9.781, 19.563], # 65
+ 82.5: [15.395, 30.791], # 80
+ 107.1: [25.945, 51.891], # 100
+ 132.5: [49.639, 89.350], # 125
+ 160.3: [87.185, 152.573], # 150
+ 210.1: [174.732, 299.541], # 200
+ }
+
+# capacity in kW
+isoplus_twin_capacity = {
+ 21.7: [25, 54], # 20
+ 27.3: [40, 88], # 25
+ 36.0: [82, 164], # 32
+ 41.9: [110, 220], # 40
+ 53.9: [205, 410], # 50
+ 69.7: [341, 683], # 65
+ 82.5: [537, 1074], # 80
+ 107.1: [905, 1811], # 100
+ 132.5: [1732, 3118], # 125
+ 160.3: [3042, 5324], # 150
+ 210.1: [6097, 10451], # 200
+ }
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+# specifications
+
+# district heating details
+# dh_flow_temperature = 273.15+115 # K # leads to problems in friction factor calculation
+# dh_return_temperature = 273.15+85 # K # leads to problems in friction factor calculation
+dh_flow_temperature = 273.15+70 # K
+dh_return_temperature = 273.15+40 # K
+
+# temperature fluid bulk
+temperature_fluid_bulk = 0.5*(dh_return_temperature+dh_flow_temperature)
+
+# ground temperature
+ground_temperature = 273.15+10 # K
+
+# pipe absolute/effective roughness
+pipe_e_eff = 0.01/1000 # m
+
+# pipe length
+pipe_length = 1000
+
+# pipe depth
+pipe_depth = 0.8
+
+# soil thermal conductivity
+soil_k = 1 #0.5
+
+# pipe distance
+pipe_distance = 0.1 # plus diameter
+ground_air_heat_transfer_coefficient = math.inf
+
+# single pipe method
+# single_pipe_trench_config = (_tre.SHT_METHOD_DIRECT, _tre.TRGTPT_KRISCHER1936)
+# single_pipe_trench_config = (_tre.SHT_METHOD_SYM_ASYM, _tre.TRGTPT_MULTIPOLE_ZERO_ORDER)
+# single_pipe_trench_config = (_tre.SHT_METHOD_SYM_ASYM, _tre.TRGTPT_MULTIPOLE_FIRST_ORDER)
+# single_pipe_trench_config = (_tre.SHT_METHOD_DIRECT, _tre.TRGTPT_MULTIPOLE_ZERO_ORDER)
+single_pipe_trench_config = (_tre.SHT_METHOD_DIRECT, _tre.TRGTPT_MULTIPOLE_FIRST_ORDER)
+
+# twin pipe method
+# twin_pipe_trench_config = (_tre.SHT_METHOD_SYM_ASYM, _tre.TRGTPT_MULTIPOLE_ZERO_ORDER)
+# twin_pipe_trench_config = (_tre.SHT_METHOD_SYM_ASYM, _tre.TRGTPT_MULTIPOLE_FIRST_ORDER)
+twin_pipe_trench_config = (_tre.SHT_METHOD_SYM_ASYM, _tre.TRGTPT_TWO_MODEL_APPROX)
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+pipe_tuples = [
+ (20, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-20-STD'),
+ (25, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-25-STD'),
+ (32, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-32-STD'),
+ (40, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-40-STD'),
+ (50, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-50-STD'),
+ (65, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-65-STD'),
+ (80, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-80-STD'),
+ (100, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-100-STD'),
+ (125, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-125-STD'),
+ (150, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-150-STD'),
+ (200, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRD-200-STD'),
+ ]
+
+list_twin_pipes = [
+ StandardisedTwinPipe(
+ pipe_tuple=pipe_tuple,
+ e_eff=pipe_e_eff, # override pipe absolute roughness
+ length=pipe_length, # override the pipe length
+ db=pipedb)
+ for pipe_tuple in pipe_tuples
+ ]
+
+# *****************************************************************************
+# *****************************************************************************
+
+twin_trench = TwinPipeTrench(
+ pipe_center_depth=[pipe_depth+pipe.d_cas/2 for pipe in list_twin_pipes],
+ fluid_db=fluiddb,
+ phase=fluiddb.fluid_LIQUID,
+ pressure=[1e5 for i in range(len(list_twin_pipes))],
+ supply_temperature=[dh_flow_temperature for i in range(len(list_twin_pipes))],
+ return_temperature=[dh_return_temperature for i in range(len(list_twin_pipes))],
+ max_specific_pressure_loss=[100 for i in range(len(list_twin_pipes))],
+ supply_pipe=list_twin_pipes
+ )
+
+twin_trench2 = TwinPipeTrench(
+ pipe_center_depth=[pipe_depth+pipe.d_cas/2 for pipe in list_twin_pipes],
+ fluid_db=fluiddb,
+ phase=fluiddb.fluid_LIQUID,
+ pressure=[1e5 for i in range(len(list_twin_pipes))],
+ supply_temperature=[dh_flow_temperature for i in range(len(list_twin_pipes))],
+ return_temperature=[dh_return_temperature for i in range(len(list_twin_pipes))],
+ max_specific_pressure_loss=[200 for i in range(len(list_twin_pipes))],
+ supply_pipe=list_twin_pipes
+ )
+
+# pipe capacity vs flow rate
+fig, ax = plt.subplots()
+
+# datasheet
+level_label_datasheet = ['low speed', 'high speed']
+level_linestyle_datasheet = ['rd-','bd-']
+for level in range(2):
+
+ ax.semilogy([d for d in isoplus_twin_capacity.keys()],
+ [_cap[level] for d, _cap in isoplus_twin_capacity.items()],
+ level_linestyle_datasheet[level],
+ label=level_label_datasheet[level])
+
+# model
+level_label_model = ['low speed (model)', 'high speed (model)']
+level_linestyle_model = ['ro--','bo--']
+fluid_density = twin_trench.supply_fluid[0].mass_density #1000 # Kg/m3
+for level in range(2):
+ # convert vfr to m3/s
+ m = [_v[level]*fluid_density/3600 for k, _v in isoplus_twin_vfr.items()]
+ trans_cap = []
+ for i, _m in enumerate(m):
+ _cap = twin_trench.heat_transfer_rate(mass_flow_rate=_m)
+ trans_cap.append(_cap[i]/1e3)
+
+ ax.semilogy([pipe.d_int*1e3 for pipe in twin_trench.supply_pipe],
+ trans_cap,
+ level_linestyle_model[level],
+ markersize=15,
+ markerfacecolor='none',
+ label=level_label_model[level])
+# rated capacity @ 100 Pa/m
+cap = [_cap/1e3 for _cap in twin_trench.rated_heat_capacity()]
+ax.semilogy([pipe.d_int*1e3 for pipe in twin_trench.supply_pipe],
+ cap,
+ 'k--',
+ label=str(twin_trench.max_specific_pressure_loss[0])+' Pa/m (model)')
+# rated capacity @ 200 Pa/m
+cap2 = [_cap/1e3 for _cap in twin_trench2.rated_heat_capacity()]
+ax.semilogy([pipe.d_int*1e3 for pipe in twin_trench2.supply_pipe],
+ cap2,
+ 'k-',
+ label=str(twin_trench2.max_specific_pressure_loss[0])+' Pa/m (model)')
+
+ax.set(xlabel='Pipe internal diameter [mm]',
+ ylabel='Transmittable Capacity [kW]')
+
+ax.legend()
+
+ax.grid()
+ax.set(xlim=(10, 220),ylim=(0, 12e3))
+# fig.savefig("test.png")
+plt.show()
diff --git a/examples/script_moody_diagram.py b/examples/script_moody_diagram.py
index 1b17462b33b4268986eca7d7a209f8330c224036..df177a97e9b4b2e48327b70087048eb58e8d9177 100644
--- a/examples/script_moody_diagram.py
+++ b/examples/script_moody_diagram.py
@@ -26,10 +26,10 @@ list_pipe_tuples = [(20, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-20-STD'),
(50, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-50-STD'),
(65, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-65-STD'),
(80, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-80-STD'),
- (100, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-100-ST'),
- (125, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-125-ST'),
- (150, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-150-ST'),
- (200, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-200-ST')]
+ (100, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-100-STD'),
+ (125, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-125-STD'),
+ (150, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-150-STD'),
+ (200, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-200-STD')]
# relative pipe roughness
diff --git a/examples/script_nikuradse_experiments.py b/examples/script_nikuradse_experiments.py
index c77a9ecaaa3577b6d2e1831ae091657ccd9bd21c..b38d29061e06f6877018c44a095e8e3e16356b8e 100644
--- a/examples/script_nikuradse_experiments.py
+++ b/examples/script_nikuradse_experiments.py
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ list_pipe_tuples = [(20, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-20-STD'),
(50, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-50-STD'),
(65, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-65-STD'),
(80, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-80-STD'),
- (100, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-100-ST'),
- (125, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-125-ST'),
- (150, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-150-ST'),
- (200, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-200-ST')]
+ (100, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-100-STD'),
+ (125, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-125-STD'),
+ (150, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-150-STD'),
+ (200, 1, 'isoplus', 'DRE-200-STD')]
# relative pipe roughness
diff --git a/examples/script_pipe_losses.py b/examples/script_pipe_losses.py
index ba7a385cd4066f17b9c26a559aa7748cdf24ca1e..1f2478bfa9448a305ca49aef1989da81a4aa96bb 100644
--- a/examples/script_pipe_losses.py
+++ b/examples/script_pipe_losses.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from topupheat.pipes.single import StandardisedPipe, StandardisedPipeDatabase
from topupheat.pipes.twin import StandardisedTwinPipe
from topupheat.pipes.trenches import SupplyReturnPipeTrench, TwinPipeTrench
import topupheat.pipes.trenches as _tre
+from topupheat.pipes.utils import minimum_assembling_distance_isoplus
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
@@ -25,65 +26,6 @@ pipedata_files = [
'pipes/isoplus_twin_disconti_s2.csv',
'pipes/isoplus_twin_disconti_s3.csv',
]
-
-def minimum_assembling_distance(pipe_outer_diameter: float):
-
- if pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.065:
- return 0.100
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.075:
- return 0.100
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.090:
- return 0.100
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.110:
- return 0.150
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.125:
- return 0.150
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.140:
- return 0.150
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.160:
- return 0.200
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.180:
- return 0.200
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.200:
- return 0.200
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.225:
- return 0.200
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.250:
- return 0.200
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.280:
- return 0.300
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.315:
- return 0.300
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.355:
- return 0.300
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.400:
- return 0.400
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.450:
- return 0.400
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.500:
- return 0.400
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.560:
- return 0.500
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.630:
- return 0.500
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.670:
- return 0.600
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.710:
- return 0.600
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.800:
- return 0.700
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 0.900:
- return 0.700
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 1.000:
- return 0.800
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 1.100:
- return 0.800
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 1.200:
- return 0.900
- elif pipe_outer_diameter <= 1.300:
- return 0.900
- else:
- raise NotImplementedError
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
@@ -94,8 +36,10 @@ def minimum_assembling_distance(pipe_outer_diameter: float):
list_max_specific_pressure_loss = [80] # Pa/m
# district heating details
-dh_flow_temperature = 273.15+115 # K
-dh_return_temperature = 273.15+85 # K
+# dh_flow_temperature = 273.15+115 # K # leads to problems in friction factor calculation
+# dh_return_temperature = 273.15+85 # K # leads to problems in friction factor calculation
+dh_flow_temperature = 273.15+70 # K
+dh_return_temperature = 273.15+40 # K
# temperature fluid bulk
temperature_fluid_bulk = 0.5*(dh_return_temperature+dh_flow_temperature)
@@ -112,7 +56,7 @@ pipe_length = 1000
# pipe depth
pipe_depth = 0.8
-# pipe soil
+# soil thermal conductivity
soil_k = 1 #0.5
# pipe distance
@@ -399,8 +343,7 @@ u_pipes = {
(150, 3, 'isoplus', 'DRD-150-TWIRE'): 0.2379
}
-# pipe speeds
-
+# pipe mass flow in tones per hour
m_pipes = { # 60-80 Pa
21.7: [0.4, 0.5], # 20
27.3: [0.8, 1.0],
@@ -632,7 +575,7 @@ for max_specific_pressure_loss in list_max_specific_pressure_loss:
single_trench = SupplyReturnPipeTrench(
pipe_center_depth=[pipe_depth+pipe.d_cas/2 for pipe in list_single_pipes],
# pipe_center_distance=[pipe_distance+pipe.d_cas for pipe in list_single_pipes], # minimum_assembling_distance
- pipe_center_distance=[minimum_assembling_distance(pipe.d_cas)+pipe.d_cas for pipe in list_single_pipes],
+ pipe_center_distance=[minimum_assembling_distance_isoplus(pipe.d_cas)+pipe.d_cas for pipe in list_single_pipes],
fluid_db=fluiddb,
phase=fluiddb.fluid_LIQUID,
pressure=[1e5 for i in range(len(list_single_pipes))],
@@ -753,29 +696,25 @@ twin_pipe_tuples_per_tech = {
for max_specific_pressure_loss in list_max_specific_pressure_loss:
# single pipe
for tech_index, _single_pipe_tuples in single_pipe_tuples_per_tech.items():
-
- _indices = [list_single_pipe_tuples.index(pipe_tuple) for pipe_tuple in _single_pipe_tuples]
-
+ _indices = [list_single_pipe_tuples.index(pipe_tuple) for pipe_tuple in _single_pipe_tuples]
ax.semilogy(
[1000*list_single_pipes[index].d_int for index in _indices],
[2*u_pipes[pipe_tuple]*(temperature_fluid_bulk-ground_temperature)
for pipe_tuple in _single_pipe_tuples],
style_category_single_official[tech_index],
markersize=10,
- label='isoplus, 2x single, tech '+str(model_string_ids[tech_index][1:])+' (datasheet)'
+ label='isoplus, 2x single, '+str(model_string_ids[tech_index][1:])+' series (datasheet)'
)
# twin pipe
- for tech_index, _twin_pipe_tuples in twin_pipe_tuples_per_tech.items():
-
- _indices = [list_twin_pipe_tuples.index(pipe_tuple) for pipe_tuple in _twin_pipe_tuples]
-
+ for tech_index, _twin_pipe_tuples in twin_pipe_tuples_per_tech.items():
+ _indices = [list_twin_pipe_tuples.index(pipe_tuple) for pipe_tuple in _twin_pipe_tuples]
ax.semilogy(
[1000*list_twin_pipes[index].d_int for index in _indices],
[u_pipes[pipe_tuple]*(temperature_fluid_bulk-ground_temperature)
for pipe_tuple in _twin_pipe_tuples],
style_category_twin_official[tech_index],
markersize=10,
- label='isoplus, 1x twin, tech '+str(model_string_ids[tech_index][1:])+' (datasheet)'
+ label='isoplus, 1x twin, '+str(model_string_ids[tech_index][1:])+' series (datasheet)'
)
# model, single
@@ -797,26 +736,12 @@ for tech_index, _twin_pipe_tuples in twin_pipe_tuples_per_tech.items():
markersize=10,
label='isoplus, 1x twin (model)')
-# ax.plot([1000*pipe.d_int for pipe in list_single_pipes],
-# [dict_single_heat_transfer_rate[max_specific_pressure_loss][i]
-# for i, pipe_tuple in enumerate(list_single_pipe_tuples)],
-# 'gx',
-# markersize=10,
-# label='isoplus, 2x single (model)')
-
-# ax.plot([1000*pipe.d_int for pipe in list_twin_pipes],
-# [dict_twin_heat_transfer_rate[max_specific_pressure_loss][i]
-# for i, pipe_tuple in enumerate(list_twin_pipe_tuples)],
-# 'k^',
-# markersize=10,
-# label='isoplus, 1x twin (model)')
-
ax.set(xlabel='Nominal diameter (DN)',
ylabel='Specific heat losses [W/m]',
title='Specific heat losses as a function of pipe diameter')
-ax.grid()
-
+ax.set(xlim=(0, 1000),ylim=(5, 100))
+ax.grid(which='both')
ax.legend()
# fig.savefig("test.png")
@@ -830,7 +755,7 @@ plt.show()
fig, ax = plt.subplots()
fig.set_size_inches(15,10)
-cpdt = 4187*30*(3600/1000)/1000 # m in tons per hour; cpdt has to be in J/Kg
+cpdt = 4187*(dh_flow_temperature-dh_return_temperature)*(1000/3600)/1000 # m in tons per hour; cpdt has to be in J/Kg
max_specific_pressure_loss = 80
@@ -870,6 +795,10 @@ for max_specific_pressure_loss in list_max_specific_pressure_loss:
markersize=10,
label='isoplus, 2x single (model)')
break
+
+ # [dict_single_trench[max_specific_pressure_loss].nmls_supply
+ # for pipe_tuple in _single_pipe_tuples]
+
# ax.semilogy([1000*pipe.d_int for pipe in list_twin_pipes],
# [dict_twin_capacity[max_specific_pressure_loss][i]/1e3
diff --git a/src/topupheat/pipes/system.py b/src/topupheat/pipes/system.py
index c446094533058bf95dc8f4d1cc4761880e9d72fb..04032d1562c57b67e3f1d83d76d5a3eb9e3ec30f 100644
--- a/src/topupheat/pipes/system.py
+++ b/src/topupheat/pipes/system.py
@@ -569,7 +569,6 @@ class SupplyReturnPipeSystem:
unit_conversion_factor: float = 1.0
):
- # length >> options
# specific_heat_transfer_coefficient >> options
# temperature_surroundings >> temporal
# determine if the inputs are for temporal vector/normal mode
@@ -585,7 +584,8 @@ class SupplyReturnPipeSystem:
if ((not self.vector_mode and
not isinstance(specific_heat_transfer_coefficient, Real)) or
(self.vector_mode and
- len(self.supply_temperature) < 1
+ len(self.supply_temperature) < 1 or
+ len(specific_heat_transfer_coefficient) != self.number_options()
)
):
raise TypeError('Inconsistent inputs.')
@@ -646,7 +646,7 @@ class SupplyReturnPipeSystem:
return out
# *************************************************************************
-
+ # TODO: reconsider the implementation in vector mode
def simplified_heat_transfer_surroundings(
self,
length: float or list,
@@ -655,6 +655,40 @@ class SupplyReturnPipeSystem:
time_interval_duration: float or list,
unit_conversion_factor: float = 1.0
):
+ """
+ Calculates the heat transfer with the surroundings using a constant
+ specific heat transfer coefficient.
+
+ Parameters
+ ----------
+ length : float or list
+ The length of each segment.
+ specific_heat_transfer_coefficient : float or list
+ The heat transfer coefficient per unit length.
+ temperature_surroundings : float or list
+ The temperature of the surroundings.
+ time_interval_duration : float or list
+ The duration of each time step under consideration.
+ unit_conversion_factor : float, optional
+ A factor to adjust the final units. The default is 1.0.
+
+ Raises
+ ------
+ TypeError
+ This error is raised if the combination of inputs is incompatible.
+
+ Returns
+ -------
+ out : float, list or list of lists
+ The heat transfer rate based on the inputs. If single inputs are
+ provided and a single option is under consideration, then a float
+ is returned. If there are multiple options and single inputs are
+ provided, then a list with one heat transfer rate per option is
+ returned. If there are multiple options and multiple inputs, then
+ a list of lists is returned: one list with one list per option,
+ each of which with one heat transfer rate per input.
+
+ """
# length >> options
# specific_heat_transfer_coefficient >> options
@@ -669,7 +703,7 @@ class SupplyReturnPipeSystem:
type(time_interval_duration) == tuple)):
temporal_vector_mode = True
else:
- raise ValueError('Incompatible inputs.')
+ raise TypeError('Incompatible inputs.')
# confirm inputs are consistent with vector/normal mode
if ((not self.vector_mode and
@@ -678,7 +712,8 @@ class SupplyReturnPipeSystem:
(self.vector_mode and
(type(length) != list and
type(length) != tuple or
- len(length) != len(self.supply_temperature))
+ len(length) != self.number_options() or
+ len(specific_heat_transfer_coefficient) != len(length))
)
):
raise TypeError('Inconsistent inputs.')
diff --git a/tests/test_trenches.py b/tests/test_trenches.py
index d47da40f18c334219a6a9688cc2dcd97aa479d57..930873848d08ec86e070c5b534d428015033ad84 100644
--- a/tests/test_trenches.py
+++ b/tests/test_trenches.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-
+import math
import numpy as np
# from numbers import Real
from src.topupheat.common.fluids import FluidDatabase, Fluid
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ from src.topupheat.pipes.twin import SymmetricalTwinPipe, StandardisedTwinPipe
from math import isclose, inf, ceil
from src.topupheat.common.factors import shape_factor_buried_horizontal_isothermal_cylinder
from src.topupheat.common.factors import thermal_resistance_from_shape_factor
+from topupheat.pipes.utils import minimum_assembling_distance_isoplus
# *****************************************************************************
# *****************************************************************************
@@ -2704,9 +2705,170 @@ class TestPipeTrench:
# )
# assert type(trench.printable_description()) == str
+
+ # *************************************************************************
+ # *************************************************************************
+
+ def test_simplified_heat_transfer_twin_pipes(self):
- # TODO: test the simplified specific heat transfer method using trench objects
+ # maximum specific pressure drop
+ max_specific_pressure_loss = 80 # Pa/m
+
+ # district heating details
+ dh_flow_temperature = 273.15+70 # K
+ dh_return_temperature = 273.15+40 # K
+
+ # ground temperature
+ ground_temperature = 273.15+10 # K
+
+ # pipe absolute/effective roughness
+ pipe_e_eff = 0.01/1000 # m
+
+ # pipe length
+ pipe_length = 1000
+
+ # pipe depth
+ pipe_depth = 0.8
+
+ # pipe data
+ pipedata_files = [
+ 'tests/data/isoplus_twin_disconti_s1.csv',
+ # 'tests/data/isoplus_twin_disconti_s2.csv',
+ # 'tests/data/isoplus_twin_disconti_s3.csv',
+ ]
+
+ # pipe data
+ pipedb = StandardisedPipeDatabase(source=pipedata_files)
+
+ # fluid data
+ fluiddata_file = 'tests/data/incropera2006_saturated_water.csv'
+ fluiddb = fic.FluidDatabase(fluid='water', phase='l', source=fluiddata_file)
+
+ # *****************************************************************************
+ # *****************************************************************************
+
+ # pipe tuples
+ list_pipe_tuples = [
+ pipe_tuple
+ for pipe_tuple in pipedb.pipe_tuples
+ ]
+ # pipe objects
+ list_pipes = [
+ StandardisedTwinPipe(
+ pipe_tuple=pipe_tuple,
+ e_eff=pipe_e_eff, # override pipe absolute roughness
+ length=pipe_length, # override the pipe length
+ db=pipedb)
+ for pipe_tuple in list_pipe_tuples
+ ]
+
+ # single pipe trench
+ single_trench = trenches.TwinPipeTrench(
+ pipe_center_depth=[pipe_depth+pipe.d_cas/2 for pipe in list_pipes],
+ fluid_db=fluiddb,
+ phase=fluiddb.fluid_LIQUID,
+ pressure=[1e5 for i in range(len(list_pipes))],
+ supply_temperature=[dh_flow_temperature for i in range(len(list_pipes))],
+ return_temperature=[dh_return_temperature for i in range(len(list_pipes))],
+ max_specific_pressure_loss=[max_specific_pressure_loss for i in range(len(list_pipes))],
+ supply_pipe=list_pipes
+ )
+ assert single_trench.vector_mode
+ assert single_trench.number_options() == len(list_pipes)
+ # one u per option
+ u = [i+1 for i in range(len(list_pipe_tuples))]
+ q = single_trench.simplified_specific_heat_transfer_surroundings(
+ specific_heat_transfer_coefficient=u,
+ temperature_surroundings=ground_temperature,
+ )
+ for i, q_i in enumerate(q):
+ assert math.isclose(
+ q_i,
+ u[i]*(dh_flow_temperature/2+dh_return_temperature/2-ground_temperature),
+ abs_tol=1e-3
+ )
+ # TODO: multiple time intervals
+
+ # *************************************************************************
+ # *************************************************************************
+
+ def test_simplified_heat_transfer_two_single_pipes(self):
+
+ # maximum specific pressure drop
+ max_specific_pressure_loss = 80 # Pa/m
+
+ # district heating details
+ dh_flow_temperature = 273.15+70 # K
+ dh_return_temperature = 273.15+40 # K
+ # ground temperature
+ ground_temperature = 273.15+10 # K
+
+ # pipe absolute/effective roughness
+ pipe_e_eff = 0.01/1000 # m
+
+ # pipe length
+ pipe_length = 1000
+
+ # pipe depth
+ pipe_depth = 0.8
+
+ # pipe data
+ pipedata_files = [
+ 'tests/data/isoplus_single_disconti_s1.csv',
+ # 'tests/data/isoplus_single_disconti_s2.csv',
+ # 'tests/data/isoplus_single_disconti_s3.csv',
+ ]
+
+ # pipe data
+ pipedb = StandardisedPipeDatabase(source=pipedata_files)
+
+ # fluid data
+ fluiddata_file = 'tests/data/incropera2006_saturated_water.csv'
+ fluiddb = fic.FluidDatabase(fluid='water', phase='l', source=fluiddata_file)
+ # pipe tuples
+ list_pipe_tuples = [
+ pipe_tuple
+ for pipe_tuple in pipedb.pipe_tuples
+ ]
+
+ # pipe objects
+ list_pipes = [
+ StandardisedPipe(
+ pipe_tuple=pipe_tuple,
+ e_eff=pipe_e_eff, # override pipe absolute roughness
+ length=pipe_length, # override the pipe length
+ db=pipedb)
+ for pipe_tuple in list_pipe_tuples
+ ]
+
+ # single pipe trench
+ single_trench = trenches.SupplyReturnPipeTrench(
+ pipe_center_depth=[pipe_depth+pipe.d_cas/2 for pipe in list_pipes],
+ pipe_center_distance=[minimum_assembling_distance_isoplus(pipe.d_cas)+pipe.d_cas for pipe in list_pipes],
+ fluid_db=fluiddb,
+ phase=fluiddb.fluid_LIQUID,
+ pressure=[1e5 for i in range(len(list_pipes))],
+ supply_temperature=[dh_flow_temperature for i in range(len(list_pipes))],
+ return_temperature=[dh_return_temperature for i in range(len(list_pipes))],
+ max_specific_pressure_loss=[max_specific_pressure_loss for i in range(len(list_pipes))],
+ supply_pipe=list_pipes
+ )
+ assert single_trench.vector_mode
+ # one u per option
+ u = [i+1 for i in range(len(list_pipe_tuples))]
+ q = single_trench.simplified_specific_heat_transfer_surroundings(
+ specific_heat_transfer_coefficient=u,
+ temperature_surroundings=ground_temperature,
+ )
+ for i, q_i in enumerate(q):
+ assert math.isclose(
+ q_i,
+ u[i]*(dh_flow_temperature/2+dh_return_temperature/2-ground_temperature),
+ abs_tol=1e-3
+ )
+
+ # *************************************************************************
# *************************************************************************
def test_different_single_pipes(self):
@@ -2852,98 +3014,6 @@ class TestPipeTrench:
# *************************************************************************
# *************************************************************************
- # TODO: try to do this
-
- # def test_u_coefficient_formula_bohm2005_twin(self):
-
- # # *********************************************************************
-
- # # trench
-
- # pipe_distance = 0.0251+0.0889 # m
-
- # pipe_depth = 1.28 # m
-
- # h_gs = 14.6 # W/m2K
-
- # ground_temperature = 8+273.15 # K
-
- # soil_k = 1.5 # W/mK
-
- # supply_temperature = 80+273.15
-
- # return_temperature = 40+273.15
-
- # #**************************************************************************
-
- # # pipes
-
- # twin_pipe = SymmetricalTwinPipe(
- # length=1000,
- # k=60,
- # e_eff=1e-5,
- # d_int=0.0889-2*0.0032,
- # d_ext=0.0889,
- # d_ins=0.2483,
- # d_cas=0.2483+2*0.0036,
- # k_ins=0.0265,
- # k_cas=0.43,
- # pipe_center_distance=pipe_distance)
-
- # #**************************************************************************
-
- # u11_true = 0.2517 # W/mK
-
- # u22_true = 0.2534 # W/mK
-
- # u12_true = 0.0784 # W/mK
-
- # q_total_true = 18.08 # W/m
-
- # list_abs_tol_u11 = [1e-9, 1e-9, 1e-9]
- # list_abs_tol_u12 = [1e-9, 1e-9, 1e-9]
-
- # # calculations
-
- # list_ground_resistance_models = [
- # trenches.TRGTPT_TWO_MODEL_APPROX,
- # trenches.TRGTPT_MULTIPOLE_ZERO_ORDER,
- # trenches.TRGTPT_MULTIPOLE_FIRST_ORDER
- # ]
-
- # for i, model in enumerate(list_ground_resistance_models):
-
- # (rsym,
- # rasym) = trenches.ThermalResistanceBuriedTwinPipesWallenten(
- # twin_pipe,
- # soil_k,
- # pipe_depth,
- # pipe_distance,
- # h_gs,
- # model=model)
-
- # (u1122,
- # u12) = trenches.HeatTransferCoefficientsFromSymmetricalAsymmetricalResistances(
- # rsym, rasym)
- # print('hey')
- # print(u1122)
- # print(u12)
- # assert isclose(
- # u1122,
- # u11_true,
- # abs_tol=list_abs_tol_u11[i]
- # )
-
- # assert isclose(
- # u12,
- # u12_true,
- # abs_tol=list_abs_tol_u12[i]
- # )
-
- # # *********************************************************************
-
- # *************************************************************************
-
def test_district_cooling(self):
# load pipe data